Kazakhstan also spelled Kazakstan whereethnic Kazakhs are 67.5% of the population, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is a transcontinental country mainly located in Central Asia with a smaller portion west of the Ural in Eastern Europe. It is the world’s largest landlocked country, and the ninth-largest country in the world, with an area of 2,724,900 square kilometers (1,052,100 sq mi). Kazakhstan is the most dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region’s GDP, primarily through its oil and gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources.
Kazakhstan shares borders with Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, and also adjoins a large part of the Caspian Sea. Since 1997, the capital is Nur-Sultan formerly known as Astana, named to honor outgoing leader Nursultan Nazarbayev. It was moved from Almaty, the country’s largest city. Official estimates put the population of Kazakhstan at 18.711 million as of May 2020.
Source: Wikipedia
Economy
The economy of Kazakhstan is the largest in Central Asia in both absolute and per capita terms, but the currency saw a sharp depreciation between 2013 and 2016. It possesses oil reserves as well as minerals and metals. It also has considerable agricultural potential with its vast steppe lands accommodating both livestock and grain production. The mountains in the south are important for apples and walnuts; both species grow wild there. Kazakhstan’s industrial sector rests on the extraction and processing of these natural resources.
Primary sectors of the economy are energy where Kazakhstan is the leading country in the world for uranium production volumes with 35% of global production.
Oil and gas is a leading economic sector besides the mining sector.
Kazakhstan’s industrial sector rests on the extraction and processing of natural resources and also on a relatively small machine building sector. This sector specializes in construction equipment, tractors, agricultural machinery, and transportation equipment such as small buses and railroad cars.
The country has considerable agricultural potential with its vast lands accommodating both livestock and grain production.
Tourism
Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country by area and the largest landlocked country. Today, tourism is not a major component of the economy. As of 2014, tourism has accounted for 0.3% of Kazakhstan’s GDP, but the government has plans to increase it to 3% by 2020. The country inherited the culture of the ancient Silk Road, Nomadic lifestyle, and the Soviet Union which had a great influence on its formation. This mixture makes Kazakhstan so different from any other country in the region and the world.
Famous Kazakhstan tourist places are Astana – The Changing Face of Central Asia, Almaty – Kazakhstan’s Biggest Cultural Hub, Aktau, Taraz, Lake Balkhash – The 15th Largest Lake In the world, Baikonur – City of spaceport rockets, and Spaceships, Semey, Turgen Gorge, Lake Kaindy, Tamgaly-Tas sanctuary, Nomad’s Land and Shymkent.
Aviation and Airports
Kazakhstan has excellent international air connections through numerous carriers including the national airline, Air Astana.
Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport TSE/UACC and Almaty International Airport ALA/UAAA have numerous direct connections to Europe, Asia, and Central Asia, as well as the Gulf States. Aktau and Atyrau serve the Caucasus, and several cities, including Atyrau, Shymkent, Semey, and Ust-Kamenegorsk, have direct Moscow flights.
Other international airports are:
Karaganda Sary-Arka International Airport KGF/UAKK
Taraz Aulie-ata international Airport DMB/UADD
Aktau International Airport SCO/UATE
Aktyubinsk Aktobe International Airport AKX/UATT
Atyrau Airport GUW/UATG
Shymkent International Airport CIT/UAII
Kostanay-Narimanovka Airport KSN/UAUU
Kzyl-orda Airport KZO/UAOO
Uralsk Airport URA/UARR
Oskemen Airport UKK/UASK
Pavlodar Airport PWQ/UASP
Petropavlovsk Airport PPK/UACP
Semey Airport PLX/UASS
Zhezkazgan Airport DZN/UAKD
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